Simulation of Seam Puckering in Woven Fabrics with a Yarn-Level Numerical Model

Simulation of fabric behavior under different conditions is very important for optimizing the garment
manufacturing process and improving garment design software programs. This study presents a numerical
model for simulating and predicting seam puckering in woven fabrics. For this purpose, the yarn-level
model simulation method was used. Based on this simulation technique, the behavior of the individual
threads of the fabric structure and the sewing threads are modeled separately. Then their effect on each
other is considered in the general model. In order to use the model in simulating the seam puckering of
real samples, the effective properties of fabric structure and sewing threads, as well as sewing tension
and sewing density, were measured and then applied to the model. Real and simulated samples were
compared using indices defined based on the waveforms of seam wrinkling. The results showed that this
model is able to simulate the degree of seam puckering of the fabric with an average error of 9.4%.