Effect of Woven Fabric Structure on the Water Filtration Efficiency

Water, as a necessary liquid for life and an essential source of industries, must be used and recycled in a
regular cycle. Water filtration is a special area that is being developed by relevant experts. In many areas
of activity, the most critical goal is to increase the separation and filtration efficiency. The efficiency of
an effective filtration system chiefly depends on the selection of a suitable porous filter. Woven fabrics
are utilized as filters in liquid filtration. In this research, a water filtration unit was carefully designed and
assembled to evaluate woven polyester fabric’s filtration efficiency in a standard procedure. The particle
size distribution in water was between 100-140 μm. The woven polyester fabrics, that were differed in
weft density and weave, were produced by a projectile weaving machine. The samples were used as filters
on both sides of the back and face of the fabric. After the separation process, the filtered water turbidity
and the filtration efficiency for each sample were evaluated. Statistical analysis of the results showed that
there was a significant difference in filtration efficiency when using low-density fabric samples on both
sides of the back and face of the fabric. The water filtration efficiency when using the backside of the
samples is higher than that when using the face side. In fabric filters with different weave structures and
densities, it was detected that the filtration efficiency is not significantly the same. Finally, according to
the ultimate performance of fabric filters in the filtration process, the samples were classified.