Journal of Textiles and Polymers

Simulation of Seam Puckering in Woven Fabrics with a Yarn-Level Numerical Model

Motahareh Kargar; Pedram Payvandy; Vajiheh Mozafary

Volume 10, Issue 4 , December 2022, , Pages 3-19

https://doi.org/10.48302/jtp.0622.159112

Abstract

  Simulation of fabric behavior under different conditions is very important for optimizing the garmentmanufacturing process and improving garment design software programs. This study ...  Read More Simulation of fabric behavior under different conditions is very important for optimizing the garmentmanufacturing process and improving garment design software programs. This study presents a numericalmodel for simulating and predicting seam puckering in woven fabrics. For this purpose, the yarn-levelmodel simulation method was used. Based on this simulation technique, the behavior of the individualthreads of the fabric structure and the sewing threads are modeled separately. Then their effect on eachother is considered in the general model. In order to use the model in simulating the seam puckering ofreal samples, the effective properties of fabric structure and sewing threads, as well as sewing tensionand sewing density, were measured and then applied to the model. Real and simulated samples werecompared using indices defined based on the waveforms of seam wrinkling. The results showed that thismodel is able to simulate the degree of seam puckering of the fabric with an average error of 9.4%.

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Development of Resizing Software for Paper Patterns

Maliheh Dehghan; Morteza Vadood; Pedram Payvandy; Mehdi Rezaeian

Volume 9, Issue 2 , June 2021, , Pages 80-71

Abstract

  Today, with the advancement of technology and practical tools, the use of manual methods has becomeinefficient due to time consuming. The keys to success in clothing production are ...  Read More Today, with the advancement of technology and practical tools, the use of manual methods has becomeinefficient due to time consuming. The keys to success in clothing production are the correct use ofmodern tools, new methods of design and production management. In the present study, an attempt wasmade to provide a fast and accurate method for converting a paper pattern to a modifiable and sizabledigital pattern using image processing that is easily accessible and is not required special knowledge. Inaddition, different types of patterns including female upper body pattern, collar and collar hem, sleevesand pants were prepared. In order to express the results, six levels are considered for the average errorobtained from sizing, which are high level (error less than 0.1 cm), relatively high (error between 0.1 cmto 0.4 cm), medium (error between 0.4 cm to 0.6 cm), relatively medium (error between 0.6 cm to 0.8 cm),relatively low (error between 0.8 to 1 cm) and low (error greater than 1 cm). After sizing and evaluatingthe measured errors, it was concluded that the average total errors in the proposed method to increase anddecrease the sizes are 0.33 and 0.266 cm, respectively.

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Study on Linear Density Effect on the Vibration Behavior of Textile Strings Using Video Processing

Mina Emadi; Pedram Payvandy; Mohammad Ali Tavanaie; Mohammad Mahdi Jalili

Volume 8, Issue 2 , June 2020, , Pages 41-51

Abstract

  The main aim of this study is to obtain a detailed information about textile string vibration and the effect of physical properties changes on it. This is based on the fact that modal ...  Read More The main aim of this study is to obtain a detailed information about textile string vibration and the effect of physical properties changes on it. This is based on the fact that modal parameters are the functions of physical properties. Video cameras propose the unique capability of collecting high density spatial data from a distant view and supply a reliable method for measuring vibrations and displacements in structures. They could be employed as inspection sensors because of their normal use, ease, and low cost. In this research, some laboratory equipment with a high-speed digital camera was designed to measure the vibration behavior of polypropylene monofilaments. The vibration was recorded by the high-speed camera at all the points of the string, and video processing was done to extract the free decays. The natural frequency, amplitude and phase were obtained by the Fourier series. The logarithmic decrement and the damping coefficient for monofilaments were calculated. The experimental results were compared to the results of a theoretical model for a plucked string with viscous damping, and the vibration properties of monofilaments were obtained. As the results showed, the theoretical model could successfully predict the vibration behavior of the filaments with error less than 23%. The trend of changes in the monofilament physical properties was easily specified based on the trend of the variations in the damping coefficient and the natural frequency. It was found that an increase in the monofilament linear density would cause a decrease in the damping coefficient and its natural frequency.

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Online Control System Design for Selvedge Waste Length in Rapier Weaving Loom

Vajiha Mozafary; Pedram Payvandy

Volume 7, Issue 2 , June 2019, , Pages 73-80

Abstract

  Controlling the selvedge waste length in shuttle-less weaving loom has great importance in the cost of production. In this study, an online control system is designed and implemented ...  Read More Controlling the selvedge waste length in shuttle-less weaving loom has great importance in the cost of production. In this study, an online control system is designed and implemented in a weaving loom. First, a high-speed camera records selvedge formation in several successive cycles with different weft yarn tensions. Then the length of weft yarn waste is measured by three methods based on image processing, namely Kalman filter, K-means method and background subtraction. The performances of three methods in terms of accuracy and processing time are evaluated and compared with each other. The results show that Kalman filter method has higher accuracy and it requires lower processing time. In addition, it shows that the results obtained from two other methods are very close to the actual result. There is an inverse relationship between weft yarn tension and selvedge waste length. By increasing the yarn tension, waste length is decreased. Therefore, based on the online measurement of selvedge waste length, the waste length can be measured in each cycle and adjusted by changing the weft yarn tension. So the proposed system has satisfactory performance in online control of weft yarn waste.

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An Investigation of Structural-Mechanical Properties of Spun-Bonded Non-Woven Using Computer Vision Method

Mina Emadi; Mohammad Ali Tavanaie; Pedram Payvandy

Volume 7, Issue 1 , January 2019, , Pages 3-13

Abstract

   This paper aims at the measurement of surface uniformity, thermally-bonded points, distribution of fibers orientation and local displacement in tensile testing for spunbonded ...  Read More  This paper aims at the measurement of surface uniformity, thermally-bonded points, distribution of fibers orientation and local displacement in tensile testing for spunbonded nonwoven polypropylene fabrics. For this purpose, an image processing method was used to produce clustered images based on the k-means clustering algorithm along with Davies-Bouldin index and the PSNR image quality evaluation method. Then, the quadrant method for surface uniformity, an image processing method based on morphological operators for uniformity of thermally-bonded points, the regionprops function (RF) method for distribution of fiber orientation and the digital image correlation (DIC) method for local displacement were used to calculate the parameters of nonwoven samples. Also, the relationships between image processing and the experimental results of tensile tests were studied. The results indicated that the structural properties of a fabric, such as surface uniformity, bonded structure, distribution of fiber orientation and critical points, have great impacts on its tensile properties at the selected weights and non-uniformity levels. Hence, a sample with a higher level of uniformity and, consequently, more regular bonding points with a higher bonding percentage, better distribution of fiber orientation and less critical points offers the best tensile properties.

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Measuring the Diameter of Nanofibers Extracted from Polyblend Fibers Using FCM Clustering Method

Neda Dehghan; Pedram Payvandy; Mohammad Ali Tavanaie

Volume 4, Issue 2 , June 2016, , Pages 83-91

Abstract

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Optimization of Fabric Layout by Using Imperialist Competitive Algorithm

Motahareh Kargar; Pedram Payvandy

Volume 3, Issue 2 , June 2015, , Pages 55-63

Abstract

  In textile industry, marker planning is one of the main operations in the cutting fabric stage. Marker packing is usually used to maximize cloth exploitation and minimize its waste. ...  Read More In textile industry, marker planning is one of the main operations in the cutting fabric stage. Marker packing is usually used to maximize cloth exploitation and minimize its waste. In this research, a method is used based on new found meta-heuristic imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA) and Bottom-Left-Fill Algorithm (BLF) to achieve optimal marker packing. Function of the proposed method was compared with other evolutionary algorithm based marker packing methods. The results indicate that the performance of presented method is 6.5% higher than other evolutionary marker packing methods.

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Investigating Nonlinear Kelvin Model Accuracy Optimized by Genetic Algorithm for Determining Drying Behavior of Knitted Fabric

Pedram Payvandy; Vajihe Mozafary

Volume 4, Issue 1 , January 2015, , Pages 1-8

Abstract

  Knitted fabrics are widely used by the underwear apparel industry due to their good elasticity. Modeling the mechanical behavior of knitted fabrics using Kelvin model is one of the ...  Read More Knitted fabrics are widely used by the underwear apparel industry due to their good elasticity. Modeling the mechanical behavior of knitted fabrics using Kelvin model is one of the discussed subjects in the textile industry. The purpose of this study is to investigate the accuracy of a nonlinear Kelvin model for determining the drying behavior of knitted fabrics. To fulfill this aim, genetic algorithm was used to optimize the model to achieve the lowest error between experimental and model results. The Kelvin model consists of a concentrated mass, a spring and a damper which are arranged in parallel. In the model a timevarying mass was considered due to the fabric drying process. Also, the behavior of the spring and damper were considered to be two-order nonlinear. Because of the nonlinear behavior of the spring and damper, the determination of the spring and damper coefficients by numerical methods was complicated. These coefficients were determined by minimizing the errors between the model and experimental results using the genetic algorithm. The results of the modeling of the knitted fabrics were compared to the experimental data for five samples with different course densities. The meaningful 4.5 percent difference between the purposed model and the experimental values proved that the presented system had acceptable results which could be used to investigate the length changes of knitted fabrics during drying processes. So, it was confirmed that the drying behavior of the knitted fabrics can be simulated by the nonlinear Kelvin model.

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Optimization of the thread take-up lever mechanism in lockstitch sewing machine using the imperialistic competitive algorithm

Pedram Payvandy; Saeed Ebrahimi

Volume 3, Issue 1 , January 2015, , Pages 16-23

Abstract

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Modeling the feeding process in gill-box using non-linear mass-spring system

Vajihe Mozafary; Pedram Payvandy

Volume 2, Issue 2 , June 2014, , Pages 39-42

Abstract

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